Source: SBS
According to the latest data released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics on 19th September 2024, Australia’s population reached 27.1 million as of March 2024, marking an annual growth rate of 2.3%. This growth is primarily driven by net overseas migration, which accounts for 83% of the increase, while natural growth (births minus deaths) makes up the remaining 17%.
Beidar Cho, head of demography at the Bureau of Statistics, noted that as of March 31, 2024, Australia’s population grew by 615,300 from the previous year, with 509,800 coming from net overseas migration. Despite the net loss of 85,000 migrants during the COVID-19 border restrictions in 2020-21—the first since World War II—migration rebounded to 528,000 in 2022-23.
In the year leading up to March 2024, natural growth contributed 105,500 people, with 289,700 births and 184,200 deaths. Although natural growth plays a smaller role in overall population increase, it continues to be an essential factor in Australia's demographic landscape.
States | Percentage of Population Growth (%) |
Western Australia | 3.1 % |
Victoria | 2.7% |
Queensland | 2.5% |
Tasmania | 0.4% |
Western Australia experienced the fastest population growth, increasing by 3.1% in the 12 months leading up to March 2024. It was followed by Victoria at 2.7%, Queensland at 2.5%, while Tasmania had the lowest growth rate of just 0.4%. New South Wales remains the most populous state with nearly 8.5 million people, followed by Victoria with nearly 7 million and Queensland with about 5.56 million.
Since 1901, when Australia’s population was just 3.8 million, it has grown every year except during World War I. Since 2006, migration has been the primary driver of population growth, except in 2021. According to the Bureau’s data released in July 2024, Australia's population is expected to continue growing well into the next century, potentially reaching 43 million by 2100, far exceeding today’s 27 million. This aligns with the United Nations’ "World Population Prospects" report, which predicts that migration will be the main driver of population growth in about 50 countries and regions, including Australia, Canada, and the United States.
Australia’s population growth is largely driven by overseas migration, reflecting the country’s appeal as a destination for migrants and its ongoing need for new skills and talents. With continuous growth expected, Australia must prepare its infrastructure, housing, education, and healthcare systems to meet the evolving needs of its diverse population. The acceleration of urbanization presents both opportunities and challenges, underscoring the importance of sustainable planning and investment to support Australia’s future development.
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